Shadow Masks for Patterned Deposition on Substrates

ABSTRACT

A shadow mask for patterning a substrate during a semiconductor process. In one implementation, the shadow mask may include a plate having openings in the shape of individual dies on the substrate and having an area slightly greater than the substrate, and a layer having openings in the shape of features patterned on the substrate, wherein the layer is coupled to a bottom surface of the plate by an epoxy.

BACKGROUND

1. Field of the Invention

Implementations of various technologies described herein generallyrelate to substrate processing.

2. Description of the Related Art

The following descriptions and examples do not constitute an admissionas prior art by virtue of their inclusion within this section.

Deposition processes are commonly used in semiconductor manufacturing todeposit a layer of material onto a substrate. Processing is also used toremove layers, defining features (e.g., etch), preparing layers (e.g.,cleans), doping or other processes that do not require the formation ofa layer on the substrate. Processes and process shall be used throughoutthe application to refer to these and other possible known processesused for semiconductor manufacturing and any reference to a specificprocess should be read in the context of these other possible processes.In addition, similar processing techniques may apply to the manufactureof integrated circuits (IC) semiconductor devices, flat panel displays,optoelectronics devices, data storage devices, magneto electronicdevices, magneto optic devices, packaged devices, and the like. Asfeature sizes continue to shrink, improvements, whether in materials,unit processes, or process sequences, are continually being sought forthe deposition processes. However, semiconductor companies conduct R&Don full wafer processing through the use of split lots, as thedeposition systems are designed to support this processing scheme. Thisapproach has resulted in ever escalating R&D costs and the inability toconduct extensive experimentation in a timely and cost effective manner.

While gradient processing has attempted to provide additionalinformation, the gradient processing suffers from a number ofshortcomings. Gradient processing relies on defined non-uniformity whichis not indicative of a conventional processing operation and thereforecannot mimic the conventional processing. Under gradient processing,different amounts of material (or dopant) is deposited across the entiresubstrate or a portion of the substrate. This approach is also used fora deposition system having a carousel of targets which may or may not beused for co-sputtering purposes. In each of these systems, theuniformity of the region being deposited, as well as cross contaminationissues when performing more than one deposition process render thesetechniques relatively ineffective for combinatorial processing.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Implementations of various technologies will hereafter be described withreference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood,however, that the accompanying drawings illustrate only the variousimplementations described herein and are not meant to limit the scope ofvarious technologies described herein.

FIG. 1A illustrates a schematic diagram for implementing combinatorialprocessing in connection with implementations of various technologiesdescribed herein.

FIG. 1B illustrates an exemplary substrate containing multiple regionsfor combinatorial processing according to implementations of varioustechnologies described herein.

FIG. 2 illustrates a simplified schematic diagram of an integrated highproductivity combinatorial (HPC) system in accordance with varioustechniques described herein.

FIG. 3 illustrates a simplified schematic diagram of a reaction chamberin a combinatorial processing tool in which various technologies may beincorporated and used in accordance with various techniques describedherein.

FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of a shadow mask for patterneddepositions according to implementations of various technologiesdescribed herein.

FIG. 5 illustrates a top view of a shadow mask for patterned depositionsaccording to implementations of various techniques described herein.

FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic diagram of a Physical Vapor Deposition(PVD) tool with a shadow mask installed thereon according toimplementations of various techniques described herein.

FIG. 7 illustrates a camera's view of a substrate with one or more crosshairs etched therein according to implementations of various techniquesdescribed herein.

FIG. 8 illustrates a flow diagram of a method for performing a physicalvapor deposition on a substrate in accordance with one or moreimplementations of various techniques described herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The discussion below is directed to certain specific implementations. Itis to be understood that the discussion below is only for the purpose ofenabling a person with ordinary skill in the art to make and use anysubject matter defined now or later by the patent “claims” found in anyissued patent herein. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art thatvarious implementations described herein may be practiced without someor all of these specific details.

The following paragraphs provide a brief summary of one or moreimplementations of various technologies and techniques directed atprocessing a substrate using a shadow mask to perform patterneddepositions. In one implementation, the shadow mask may be part of acombinatorial processing tool. In this implementation, the shadow maskmay be slightly larger than the size of the substrate in order tofacilitate the processing of a whole substrate. The shadow mask mayinclude two layers: a thick mask, or stiffener plate, and a thinmembrane. The stiffener plate may contain cutout holes that may beshaped like individual dies or fields that may exist on a substrate. Oneof the two sides of the stiffener plate may be manufactured to anexceptionally flat finish in order to keep the second layer of theshadow mask highly coplanar with the first layer.

The second layer, the thin membrane, may be an extremely thin andmalleable film or membrane into which small feature patterns may belaser drilled or etched. In one implementation, the thin membrane may becoupled to the flat side of the stiffener plate with an adhesive such asnon-volatile epoxy glue. After the thin membrane is held stiffly by thestiffener plate, one or more feature holes may be patterned onto themembrane with a patterning tool. The patterning tool may pattern holeson one or more portions of the thin membrane that may correspond to thefeatures on a substrate. The holes may be patterned on the thin membranethrough the cutout holes of the stiffener plate.

In another implementation, the shadow mask may be attached to anaperture piece of a Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) tool. The shadowmask may still include the thin membrane coupled to the stiffener plate,but here the shadow mask may be much smaller laterally because it may beused to process a portion of the substrate as opposed to a wholesubstrate. Therefore, the shadow mask may not have patterns etchedtherein for a whole substrate; instead, it may only include the patternsfor one die, one field, or one shot corresponding to a single processingcondition of the High-Productivity Combinatorial (HPC) matrix on thesubstrate.

Various implementations described herein may have many advantagesincluding maximizing the shadow mask such that it may be used for wholesubstrates (e.g. 200-300 mm wafers). The shadow mask may facilitate theprocessing of a whole substrate, or for multiple dies on the substrate,such that simultaneous HPC depositions may be done at multiple sites onthe substrate.

Another advantage may include the ability of the shadow mask to beextremely flat and highly coplanar when coupled across the substrate.The flatness of the shadow mask may facilitate for features to bedeposited on the substrate with sharp and well defined boundaries.

Further, in one implementation, the shadow mask may be aligned to one ormultiple pre-existing features of each die. The stiffener plate of theshadow mask may assist in meeting an alignment requirement, because theorientation of the features as deposited on the substrate may be in thesame X-Y coordinate system as the die pattern of the shadow mask. Inthis case, the shadow mask may be rotated appropriately to the substrateat each site so that all the depositions on the substrate may occur inan X-Y coordinate system, which may allow for subsequent processing andelectrical testing of the substrate.

Another advantage of one of the implementations described herein mayinclude the ability of the shadow mask assembly to be separate from thesubstrate. This may allow the substrate to be easily transported througha standard automated substrate carrier. Also, since the shadow maskassembly is separate from the substrate, the substrate may be directlycontacted by a heated support pedestal to allow proper transfer of heatfrom a heated electrostatic chuck to the substrate. The direct contactof the substrate to an electrostatic chuck below may allow for propercapacitative coupling with the substrate.

One or more implementations of various techniques for creating and usinga shadow mask for patterned depositions will now be described in moredetail with reference to FIGS. 1-8 in the following paragraphs.

Combinatorial processing may include any processing, includingsemiconductor processing, which varies the processing conditions acrossone or more substrates. As used herein, a substrate may be, for example,a semiconductor wafer, a portion of a semiconductor wafer, solarphotovoltaic circuitry, or other semiconductor substrate. The term“substrate” may include a coupon, which is a diced portion of a wafer,or any other device on which semiconductor processes are performed. Thecoupon or substrate may optionally contain one die, multiple dies(connected or not through the scribe), or portion of die with usabletest structures. In some implementations, multiple coupons or die can bediced from a single wafer and processed combinatorially.

Combinatorial processing is performed by varying processing conditionsacross multiple substrates, multiple regions of a single substrate, or acombination of the two. Processing conditions may include, for example,temperatures, reaction times, concentrations and the like. For example,a first region of a substrate may be processed using a first processcondition (e.g., depositing a chemical at a first temperature) and asecond region of the substrate may be processed using a second processcondition (e.g., depositing the chemical at a second temperature). Theresults (e.g., the measured characteristics of the processed regions)are evaluated, and none, one, or both of the process conditions may beselected as suitable candidates for larger scale processing (e.g.,further combinatorial processing or deposition on a full wafer).

Several combinatorial processing tools can be used. One type of tool mayinclude a reactor block that has several openings (e.g., cylindricalopenings) that define individual reactors on one or more substrates. Forexample, a reactor block may include 28 openings that define 28 regionson a substrate. Each of the 28 regions can be processed using varyingprocess conditions, or multiple regions can have the same processingconditions. For example, seven sets of processing conditions can beperformed across four regions each. Each region can then becharacterized using various techniques and useful or beneficialtechniques and/or conditions can be selected.

Other combinatorial processing may be performed in a manner that is notsite isolated. For example, a wafer can be divided into many smallcoupons, each of which can be processed using different conditions.Using another example, a wafer can be processed using a gradientapproach, where the processing varies over the substrate. Thesetechniques may also be used in combination with site-isolatedcombinatorial techniques.

FIG. 1A illustrates a schematic diagram 100 for implementingcombinatorial processing in connection with implementations of one ormore technologies described herein. The schematic diagram 100illustrates that the relative number of combinatorial processes that runwith a group of substrates decreases as certain materials and/orprocesses are selected. Generally, combinatorial processing includesperforming a large number of processes during a first screen, selectingpromising candidates from those processes, performing the selectedprocessing during a second screen, selecting promising candidates fromthe second screen, and so on. In addition, feedback from later stages toearlier stages can be used to refine the success criteria and providebetter screening results.

For example, thousands of materials are evaluated during a materialsdiscovery stage 102. Materials discovery stage 102 is also known as aprimary screening stage performed using primary screening techniques.Primary screening techniques may include dividing wafers into couponsand depositing materials using varied processes. The materials are thenevaluated, and promising candidates are advanced to the secondaryscreen, i.e., materials and process development stage 104. Evaluation ofthe materials may be performed using metrology tools such as electronictesters and imaging tools, e.g., microscopes.

The materials and process development stage 104 may evaluate hundreds ofmaterials (i.e., a magnitude smaller than the primary stage) and mayfocus on the processes used to deposit or develop those materials.Promising materials and processes are again selected, and advanced tothe tertiary screen or process integration stage 106, where tens ofmaterials and/or processes and combinations are evaluated. The tertiaryscreen or process integration stage 106 may focus on integrating theselected processes and materials with other processes and materials.

The most promising materials and processes from the tertiary screen areadvanced to device qualification stage 108. In device qualification, thematerials and processes selected are evaluated for high volumemanufacturing, which normally is conducted on full wafers withinproduction tools, but need not be conducted in such a manner. Theresults are evaluated to determine the efficacy of the selectedmaterials and processes. If successful, the use of the screenedmaterials and processes can proceed to the manufacturing stage 110.

The schematic diagram 100 is an example of various techniques that maybe used to evaluate and select materials and processes for thedevelopment of semiconductor devices. The descriptions of primary,secondary and subsequent screening and the various stages 102-110 arearbitrary and the stages may overlap, occur out of sequence, bedescribed and be performed in many other ways.

FIG. 1B illustrates a substrate 120 having multiple regions forcombinatorial processing in accordance with various techniques describedherein. Substrate 120 includes several regions 122 on whichsemiconductor processes, such as physical vapor deposition (PVD),chemical vapor deposition (CVD), atomic layer deposition (ALD), reactiveion etching (RIE), cold plasma deposition and the like, can beperformed. For example, the regions 122 a, 122 b, and 122 c may eachhave a layer deposited on them using any one of these processes. Theregion 122 a may use a first deposition, the region 122 b may use asecond deposition, and the region 122 c may use a third deposition. Theresulting layers can be compared to determine the relative efficacy ofeach of the formulations. None, one, or more of the formulations canthen be selected to use with further combinatorial processing or largerscale processing (e.g., manufacturing). Any process variable (e.g.,time, composition, temperature) or process sequencing can be variedusing combinatorial processing.

As discussed above, each of the regions 122 may or may not be siteisolated. Site isolation refers to a condition where the regions 122 canbe processed individually and independently without interference fromneighboring regions. Each of the regions 122 may be processed using acell of a combinatorial processing tool, such as one illustrated in FIG.2. The tool may be calibrated so that processing in each of the regions122 may be consistent and comparable.

FIG. 2 illustrates a simplified schematic diagram of an integrated highproductivity combinatorial (HPC) system 200 in accordance with varioustechnologies described herein. HPC system includes a frame 210supporting a plurality of processing modules. In one implementation, theframe 210 may be a unitary frame, and the environment within frame 210may be controlled. Load lock/factory interface 220 provides access intothe plurality of modules of the HPC system. Robot 290 provides for themovement of substrates (and masks) between the modules and for themovement into and out of the load lock 220. Modules 230-270 may be anyset of modules and preferably include one or more combinatorial modules.For example, module 230 may be an orientation/degassing module, module240 may be a clean module, either plasma or non-plasma based, module 250and module 260 may be combinatorial modules in accordance with variousimplementations described herein, and module 270 may provide conventionclean or out-gassing as necessary for the experiment design.

In one implementation, a centralized controller, i.e., computing device280, may control the processes of the HPC system 200. Further details ofone possible HPC system are described in U.S. application Ser. Nos.11/672,478 and 11/672,473, which are incorporated herein by reference.Using an HPC system, a plurality of methods may be employed to depositmaterial upon a substrate employing combinatoric processes.

FIG. 3 illustrates a simplified schematic diagram of a reaction chamber300 in a combinatorial processing tool in accordance withimplementations of one or more technologies described herein. In oneimplementation, the reaction chamber 300 may include a substrate support310, a substrate 320, a shadow mask 330, clamps 340, side walls 350,process heads 360, and an axle 370.

The substrate support 310 may be any device on which semiconductor orcombinatorial processes may be performed, such as an electrostatic chuckor other type of chuck capable of holding the substrate 320. In oneimplementation, the substrate support 310 may be referred to as acarrier plate or pedestal. The substrate 320 may be a semiconductorwafer, a portion of a semiconductor wafer, solar photovoltaic circuitry,or other semiconductor substrate. The substrate 320 may also be referredto as a coupon, which may be a diced portion of a wafer. The coupon orsubstrate 320 may contain one die, multiple dies (connected or notthrough the scribe), or a portion of a die with usable test structures.The individual dies on the substrate 320 may be made from differentmaterials. In some implementations, multiple coupons or dies can bediced from a single wafer and processed combinatorially.

The shadow mask 330 may be attached to the substrate support 320 withone or more clamps 340. The clamps 340 may be used to secure thesubstrate 320 to the shadow mask 330. The shadow mask 330 will bedescribed with more detail in FIG. 4.

The substrate support 310 may be positioned between the side walls 350.In one implementation, the side walls 350 may be plasma shieldsconfigured to keep plasma inside the reactor chamber 300. The axle 370may be coupled to the substrate support 310. In one implementation, theaxle 370 may be capable of lifting the substrate support 310 in theupward or downward direction. In one implementation, the axle 370 may beable to rotate 360 degrees clockwise or counterclockwise.

One or more process heads 360 may be positioned above the substratesupport 310. In one implementation, the process heads 360 may includedeposition guns, such as PVD guns and the like. Although the reactorchamber 300 is illustrated as having two process heads 360 installedthereon, it should be understood that the reactor chamber 300 mayinclude a plurality of process heads 360 which may be referred to as acluster of process heads. In one implementation, the process heads 360may be capable of rotating 360 degrees clockwise or counterclockwise.

FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of a shadow mask 400 forpatterned depositions according to implementations of varioustechnologies described herein. The shadow mask 420 may include twolayers: a stiffener plate 430 and a thin membrane 460. The first layermay include the stiffener plate 430 which may be 1 to 3 millimetersthick and may cover an area slightly larger than the substrate 480. Thebottom surface 450 of the stiffener plate 430 may processed such that itmay be extremely flat to ensure that the thin membrane 460 may be highlycoplanar with the stiffener plate 430. The stiffener plate 430 maycontain one or more cutouts 440 that may be in the shape of a die or afield that may exist on the substrate 480. The field may be an area onthe substrate 660 encompassing one or more dies. In one implementation,the cutouts 440 may be aligned to the locations of where the dies maylie on the substrate 480. The substrate 480 may correspond to thesubstrate 320 as described in FIG. 3. The shadow mask 420 may be usedfor patterning the substrate 480 during a semiconductor or combinatorialprocess.

The second layer of the shadow mask 420 may include the thin membrane460 which may be 10 to 50 microns thick and may be coupled to thestiffener plate 430 on the bottom surface 450 of the stiffener plate430. In one implementation, the thin membrane 460 may be approximately25 microns thick. The stiffener plate 430 may be coupled to the thinmembrane 460 with a non-volatile epoxy glue or another similar adhesivecompound. The thin membrane 460 may include patterns 470 that may be inthe shape of features on the substrate 480. The patterns 470 may includeholes on one or more portions of the thin membrane through the cutoutholes of the stiffener plate that may be used to process features ontothe substrate 480. The patterns 470 may be aligned within the cutouts440 which may be aligned to the location of one or more dies that maylie on the substrate 480.

In one implementation, both layers of the shadow mask 420, the stiffenerplate 430 and the thin membrane 460, may be made of a stainless steeltype material. The two layers may be integrated as one piece to make upthe shadow mask 420. In one implementation, the shadow mask 420 may havea diameter greater than 200 millimeters.

The shadow mask 420 may be coupled to the substrate 480 using clamps410. In one implementation, the clamps 410 may be screws that may fastenthrough holes that may exist in the stiffener plate 430 and thesubstrate support 490. The holes may align such that a screw or fastenermay couple the stiffener plate 430 with the substrate support 490. Thesubstrate support 490 may correspond to the substrate support 310 asdescribed in FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 illustrates a top view of a shadow mask 500 for patterneddepositions according to implementations of various techniques describedherein. In one implementation, the shadow mask 510 may match the shapeof the substrate. The shadow mask 510 may contain one or more cutouts520 such that the cutouts 520 may be in the shape of a die that exist onthe substrate. The cutouts 520 may correspond to the cutouts 440 asdescribed in FIG. 4.

Inside the cutouts 520, the shadow mask 510 may include one or morepatterns 530 which may exist on the thin membrane layer of the shadowmask 510. In one implementation, the patterns 530 may be laser drilledusing photolithography (by spinning resist on the backside of themembrane) followed by wet etching, Deep-reactive Ion Etching (DRIE),Focused Ion Beam (FIB), or the like. Such techniques may allow smallfeatures to be patterned while maintaining a good distance alignmentbetween the features on the substrate sized shadow mask 510.

FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic diagram of a Physical Vapor Deposition(PVD) tool 600 with a shadow mask installed thereon according toimplementations of various techniques described herein. In oneimplementation, the PVD tool 600 may include PVD guns 610, plasmashields 620, aperture piece 630, bellow 640, shadow mask 650, substrate660, substrate support 670, and an axle 680. The PVD tool 600 may beused to facilitate one or more combinatorial processes through physicalvapor depositions onto the substrate 660.

In one implementation, the substrate support 670 may be any device onwhich semiconductor processes are performed, such as an electrostaticchuck or other type of chuck capable of holding the substrate 660. Thesubstrate 660 may be a semiconductor wafer, a portion of a semiconductorwafer, solar photovoltaic circuitry, or other semiconductor substrate.The axle 680 may be coupled to the substrate support 670 and it may becapable of raising or turning the substrate support 670. The substratesupport 670, the substrate 660, and the axle 680 may correspond to thesubstrate support 310, the substrate 320, and the axle 370 as describedin FIG. 3.

The shadow mask 650 may be attached to the bellow 640 which may be apart of the aperture piece 630. The shadow mask 650 may correspond tothe shadow mask 420 as described in FIG. 4 except that the size of theshadow mask 650 is less than the substrate 660, i.e., the shadow mask650 may be the size of one or more dies, fields, or the like. Forinstance, the shadow mask 650 may contain one or more cutouts in theshape of an individual die or a field as described in FIG. 4. The bellow640 may be used to move the shadow mask 650 upward and downward (i.e.,away or toward the substrate 660). The aperture piece 630 may beconfigured such that it may be removed and replaced with anotheraperture piece 630 with a different shadow mask 650. In oneimplementation, the aperture piece 630 may be capable of rotatingclockwise or counterclockwise.

The removable aperture piece 630 may be coupled to the plasma shields620. The plasma shields 620 may keep plasma inside the PVD tool 600. ThePVD guns 610 may include one or more PVD guns 610 that may be used todeposit thin films by the condensation of a vaporized form of thematerial onto the surface of the substrate 660.

In one implementation, the PVD tool 600 may be combined with a tool thatdoes site-isolated HPC processing. As such, the shadow mask 650 may beplaced in contact with the substrate 660 by either lowering the bellow640 or raising the substrate support 670. The PVD gun 610 may then makea site isolated deposition at a spot on the substrate 660 through thecutouts of the shadow mask 650. The PVD tool 600 may then prepare tomake a new deposition in a new spot on the substrate 660. In oneimplementation, the substrate 660 may be separated from the shadow mask650, rotated by the axle 680, and then coupled again with the shadowmask 650 to make another PVD deposition. In another implementation, theaperture piece 630 may be rotated to a new spot on the substrate 660.

In one implementation, the PVD tool 600 may include a camera along withthe PVD guns 610. The camera may be used to align the cutouts of theshadow mask 650 with the features that may be on the substrate 660. Thefunctionality of the camera will be described in more detail in FIG. 7.

FIG. 7 illustrates a camera's view 700 of a substrate with one or morecross hairs etched therein according to implementations of varioustechniques described herein. The cross hairs 730 may indicate one ormore locations on the substrate that may be used in a combinatorialprocess. In one implementation, the camera may be designed to locate thecross hair 730 that may be etched or indicated on the substrate. Thecross hair 730 may be a symbol such as “+” that may indicate a locationon the substrate. Although the cross hair 730 has been described to berepresented by a symbol such as “+”, it should be noted that anothersymbol may be used to identify a location on the substrate by thecamera.

In one implementation, the camera may be configured to view the contentsof the cutout 720 located on the shadow mask 710. If the camera locatesa cross hair 730 on the substrate within the cutout 720, it may fix thePVD gun to the location of the cross hair 730. In one implementation,the camera may be configured to locate one or more cross hairs 730within one or more cutouts 720.

FIG. 8 illustrates a flow diagram 800 of a method for performing aphysical vapor deposition on a substrate in accordance with one or moreimplementations of various techniques described herein. The followingdescription of flow diagram 800 is made with reference to the highproductivity combinatorial (HPC) system 200 of FIG. 2, the top view 500of a shadow mask for patterned depositions of FIG. 5, the PVD tool 600of FIG. 6, and the camera's view 700 of FIG. 7 in accordance with one ormore implementations of various techniques described herein.

At step 810, the substrate 660 may be placed on the substrate support670 of the PVD tool 600. In one implementation, the substrate 660 may beplaced on the substrate support 670 by the robot 290.

At step 820, the aperture piece 630 may be aligned to an isolated regionof the substrate 660 such that a camera may view the cross hairs 730within the cutout 720 of the shadow mask 710. The isolated region of thesubstrate 660 may include one or more dies, fields, or other portions ofthe substrate 660. In one implementation, while the aperture piece 630is being aligned to the substrate 660, a camera may search for the crosshairs 730 within the cutouts 720. If the camera locates the cross hair730 within the cutout 720, the shadow mask 650 may then be coupled tothe substrate 660 as described in step 830. Although the aperture piece630 has been described to be aligned to the substrate 660 with respectto the location of the cross hairs 730, it should be understood that insome implementations the shadow mask 650 may be coupled to the substrate660 without being referenced to the location of the cross hairs 730.

At step 830, the shadow mask 650 may be coupled to the substrate 660. Inone implementation, the shadow mask 650 may be coupled to the substrate660 by lowering the bellow 640, raising the axle 680, or by acombination of lowering the bellow 640 and raising the axle 680.

At step 840, the PVD guns 610 may deposit materials on the substrate 660through the shadow mask 650. In one implementation, the PVD guns 610 maydeposit materials through the patterns 530 in the cutout 520 of theshadow mask 510 as described in FIG. 5 to form site-isolated regions.The deposition of materials onto the substrate 660 may be part of acombinatorial process.

In one implementation, after the PVD guns 610 deposit materials on thesubstrate 660, the shadow mask 650 may be uncoupled from the substrate660 by raising the bellow 640 or lowering the axle 680. The shadow mask650 may then be aligned to a different region of the substrate 660 todeposit materials thereon. The shadow mask 650 may be aligned to adifferent region by rotating the axle 680 or the aperture piece 630. Inone implementation, after the axle 680 or the aperture piece 630 isrotated, steps 820-840 may be repeated in order to deposit material onthe different region of the substrate 660. A region of the substrate 660may be defined herein as one die or a field of dies on the substrate660.

While the foregoing is directed to implementations of varioustechnologies described herein, other and further implementations may bedevised without departing from the basic scope thereof, which may bedetermined by the claims that follow. Although the subject matter hasbeen described in language specific to structural features and/ormethodological acts, it is to be understood that the subject matterdefined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to thespecific features or acts described above. Rather, the specific featuresand acts described above are disclosed as example forms of implementingthe claims.

1. A shadow mask for patterning a substrate during a semiconductorprocess, comprising: a plate having openings in the shape of individualdies on the substrate and having an area slightly greater than thesubstrate; and a layer having openings in the shape of featurespatterned on the substrate, wherein the layer is coupled to a bottomsurface of the plate by an epoxy.
 2. The shadow mask of claim 1, whereinthe area of the plate has a diameter greater than 200 mm.
 3. The shadowmask of claim 1, wherein the plate is configured to be coupled to abackplate supporting the substrate.
 4. The shadow mask of claim 1,wherein the plate comprises holes for receiving fasteners that couplethe plate to a backplate supporting the substrate.
 5. The shadow mask ofclaim 1, wherein the plate has a thickness ranging from about 1 mm toabout 3 mm.
 6. The shadow mask of claim 1, wherein the layer has athickness ranging from about 10 micron to about 50 microns.
 7. Theshadow mask of claim 1, wherein the layer has a thickness of about 25microns.
 8. The shadow mask of claim 1, wherein the epoxy isnonvolatile.
 9. The shadow mask of claim 1, wherein the shadow mask isconfigured to be disposed proximate the substrate.
 10. The shadow maskof claim 1, wherein the plate and the layer are made from stainlesssteel.
 11. The shadow mask of claim 1, wherein the individual dies onthe substrate are made from different materials.
 12. A physical vapordeposition (PVD) tool, comprising: a susceptor for supporting asubstrate; one or more PVD guns disposed above the susceptor; and aplasma shield assembly disposed between the susceptor and the PVD guns,wherein the plasma shield assembly comprises an aperture componenthaving a bellow and a shadow mask coupled to a bottom side of thebellow.
 13. The PVD tool of claim 12, wherein the PVD guns comprise twoor more PVD guns.
 14. The PVD tool of claim 12, wherein the shadow maskcomprises an opening in the shape of an individual die on the substrate.15. The PVD tool of claim 12, wherein the shadow mask comprises anopening in the shape of a field of individual dies on the substrate. 16.The PVD tool of claim 12, wherein the shadow mask comprises: a plate;and a layer having openings in the shape of features patterned on thesubstrate, wherein the layer is coupled to a bottom surface of the plateby an epoxy.
 17. The PVD tool of claim 12, wherein the layer has athickness ranging from about 10 micron to about 50 microns.
 18. The PVDtool of claim 12, wherein the plate has a thickness ranging from about 1mm to about 3 mm.
 19. The PVD tool of claim 12, wherein the aperturecomponent is rotatable.
 20. The PVD tool of claim 12, wherein theaperture component is removable from the plasma shield.
 21. The PVD toolof claim 12, further comprising a camera for aligning one or morealignment windows on the shadow mask with one or more alignment marks onthe substrate.
 22. The PVD tool of claim 21, wherein the alignment marksare in the shape of cross hairs.
 23. The PVD tool of claim 12, whereinthe susceptor comprises an electrostatic chuck.
 24. A method forperforming a physical vapor deposition (PVD) on a substrate, comprising:placing a substrate on a susceptor disposed below one or more PVD gunsand below a plasma shield assembly having a bellow and a shadow maskcoupled to a bottom side of the bellow; lowering the bellow toward thesubstrate to place the shadow mask in contact with the substrate; anddepositing materials on an isolated region on the substrate through theshadow mask.
 25. The method of claim 24, wherein the shadow maskcomprises: a plate; and a layer having openings in the shape of featurespatterned on the substrate, wherein the layer is coupled to a bottomsurface of the plate by an epoxy.
 26. The method of claim 25, furthercomprising aligning the openings with the features patterned on thesubstrate.
 27. The method of claim 24, wherein the susceptor comprisesan electrostatic chuck.
 28. The method of claim 24, wherein the shadowmask comprises a window in the shape of the isolated region on thesubstrate.
 29. The method of claim 28, further comprising: raising thebellow away from the substrate; rotating the susceptor such that thewindow is aligned to a new isolated region on the substrate; loweringthe bellow toward the substrate to place the shadow mask in contact withthe new isolated region; and depositing materials on the new isolatedregion through the shadow mask.
 30. The method of claim 24, wherein theisolated region is an individual die on the substrate.
 31. The method ofclaim 24, wherein the isolated region is a field of individual dies onthe substrate.